Describe the working principle and applications... - SS2 Physics Electronics Question

Diodes are semiconductor devices that allow the current to flow in only one direction. They consist of a P-N junction, where the P-type material is positively doped, and the N-type material is negatively doped. Diodes operate based on the principles of forward bias and reverse bias. In forward bias, the positive voltage is applied to the P-side, and the negative voltage is applied to the N-side, allowing current flow. In reverse bias, the positive voltage is applied to the N-side, and the negative voltage is applied to the P-side, preventing current flow. Diodes have various applications, including rectification (converting AC to DC), signal modulation and demodulation, voltage clamping, and protection against reverse current flow.